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Budin Eyalet (also known as Province of Budin / Buda or Pashaluk of Budin / Buda; ,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.geonames.de/coutr-ota-provinces.html )〕 Hungarian: ''Budai vilajet'', Serbian: ''Budimski vilajet'' or Будимски вилајет, Croatian: ''Budimski vilajet'') was an administrative unit of the Ottoman Empire in Central Europe and the Balkans. It was formed on the territories that Ottoman Empire conquered from the medieval Kingdom of Hungary and Serbian Despotate. The capital of the Budin Province was Budin (Hungarian: Buda). Population of the province was ethnically and religiously diverse and included Hungarians, Croats, Serbs, Slovaks, Muslims of various ethnic origins (living mainly in the cities) and others (Jews, Romani, etc.). ==History== In the 16th century the Ottoman Empire had conquered the southern "line of fortresses" (végvár) of the Kingdom of Hungary. After the Battle of Mohács where the Kingdom of Hungary was heavily defeated, and the turmoil caused by the defeat, the influence was spread on the middle part of the Kingdom of Hungary. While Ottoman troops invaded Buda in 1526 and 1529, Suleyman I used the Buda area as a territory of the allied kingdom and did not annex it fully to the Empire. In 1541, Suleyman decided to consolidate the conquered Buda area and to set it up as an organic part of the Empire. He drove away the Austrian commander Roggendorf, besieging the city, and on 29 August 1541 he took control of the city with a trick; together with the city on the other side of Danube, Pest. He immediately organised the first Central European vilajet (province) with capital in Buda (''Budin'' in Turkish). The same year, several other cities fell under Ottoman rule: Szeged, Kalocsa, Szabadka (Serbian: Sabatka, modern Subotica). In the years 1543-44, the Ottomans conquered the fortresses of Nógrád, Vác, Fehérvár, Pécs and Siklós which were embedded into the new vilajet. In 1552 the vilajet was expanded with new territories in the North, and the new Vilajet of Temeşvar (Romanian: Timişoara) was established. Military control of the surrounding areas was driven from Budin. The following year, the advance of the Ottomans slowed down and the territory of the Budin vilajet did not change until the ending of the Fifteen Years War and the Peace of Zsitvatorok, where the Ottomans lost territories North of Nógrád. However Eğri and Kanije were captured during these wars and were shortly managed as sanjaks in this province. The territory of the eyalet was significantly reduced in size with the establishment of the eyalets of Eğri (1596) and Kanije (1600).〔 By Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Alan Masters〕 Nevertheless, it remained the foremost Ottoman province in Central Europe, owing to the strategic importance of Budin as a major port on the Danube.〔 By Gábor Ágoston〕 In the 17th century Kara Mustafa conquered more vast areas from the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary and its vassal Principality of Transylvania, but did not succeed in conquering Vienna in 1683. This failed attempt heralded the gradual decline of Ottoman power in Europe. On 2 September 1686 Budin was captured by the troops of the Holy League. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Budin Eyalet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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